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- WORLD, Page 33SOUTH AFRICAThe Party's Not Over
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- Will an old specter -- communism -- derail constitutional talks
- and sour the relationship between Mandela and De Klerk?
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- Thought communism was dead? Not in South Africa, where the
- party is unashamedly resurrecting itself -- to the evident
- horror of President F.W. de Klerk. Last week the government
- arrested at least seven party activists, charging them with
- plotting to stage an armed insurrection by the African National
- Congress if negotiations to draft a new nonracial constitution
- fail.
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- The "Red Komplot," so dubbed by the Afrikaans press, may at
- least temporarily derail the fragile talks and even sour the
- personal relationship between De Klerk and Nelson Mandela,
- which seems so crucial to the success of the peace process. The
- affair goes to the heart of the impasse that has been holding
- up negotiations: the A.N.C. refuses to suspend its armed
- struggle until the government lifts tough security measures and
- releases political prisoners, but De Klerk is reluctant to take
- such steps while the threat of violence remains.
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- Ironically, the government touched off the renewed anxiety
- over communism when it legalized the party last February, along
- with the rest of South Africa's outlawed political
- organizations. Longtime party leader Joe Slovo returned in
- triumph from exile in April and scheduled a huge welcome-back
- rally in Soweto this week. Since the communists have long been
- a powerful part of the black nationalist movement, Slovo was
- named to the five-man A.N.C. delegation slated to meet with De
- Klerk this week.
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- The government claims that Slovo and other leading
- communists in the A.N.C. met secretly in the Natal province
- town of Tongaat last May to discuss a plan code-named Operation
- Vula to seize power by force if negotiations fail. The meeting,
- De Klerk suggested, violated the agreement between the
- government and the A.N.C. to create a peaceful climate for
- negotiations. Government officials say that in smashing the
- plot, police uncovered weapons such as rocket-propelled grenades
- and AK-47 assault rifles.
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- Mandela publicly scoffed at the charges, calling allegations
- of a plot "totally unfounded." Both A.N.C. and Communist Party
- officials accused Pretoria of trying to drive a wedge between
- the long-standing allies. Mandela freely acknowledged that
- A.N.C. military units continued to operate underground but
- insisted that all A.N.C. leaders were committed to peaceful
- negotiations.
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- Banned for 40 years, the 69-year-old Communist Party has
- influence with the A.N.C. as well as powerful black trade
- unions, which seems likely to give it a considerable say in
- negotiations. The party's utopian ideal of economic equality
- holds a powerful attraction for the millions of blacks
- disadvantaged by apartheid. But Slovo says his first priority
- is enfranchisement of South Africa's blacks. "I don't believe
- that communism is on the agenda," he told TIME. He says he now
- favors multiparty democracy and a mixed economy.
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- Mandela and De Klerk met to cool the crisis, but De Klerk
- wants communist Slovo dropped from the A.N.C. delegation. It
- will be difficult for Mandela to oblige. In the long run,
- though, the real danger may lie in the government's taking the
- threat of communism too seriously. Anglo-American Corp.
- director Bobby Godsell predicted that blacks in South Africa
- would reject socialism, just as East Europeans have. But this
- assumes that the government will resist any temptation to slap
- a new ban on the party. Says Godsell: "Communism has to be
- defeated in the minds of voting people."
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- By Scott MacLeod/Johannesburg.
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